Practice Test

1) "Every cell arises from pre-existing cells". This is the famous generalisation of

2) A series of changes or sequential events which occur regularly in a dividing cell is called

3) Cell cycle was discovered by

4) A cell divides in order to

5) The cell become viscous and refractive for the first time in

6) During which phase are proteins for spindle fibers synthesized ?

7) Cell division of bacteria is

8) DNA replication takes place in

9) The stage between two successive mitotic divisions is called as

10) Restriction point is also called as

11) Doubling of genetic material takes place is

12) Chromosomal replication occurs during

13) The cell may withdraw from cell cycle after mitosis and it will enter into

14) Cell stops dividing, once it goes to

15) Histone proteins are synthesized in

16) S phase of cell division is characterised by

17) Interphase is considered as a

18) M phase is also called as

19) Abnormal, unlimited and uncontrolled cell division results in

20) ________ is the second phase in cell cycle.

21) Histones are synthesized in

22) The cells do not divide further in

23) In a somatic cell which is ready to divide, the DNA

24) Synthesis of macromolecules for the formation of cell organelles occurs in

25) In cell cycle S phase follows

26) DNA replication takes place in

27) A cell cycle consists of

28) In a somatic cell cycle

29) In cells, centrioles occur

30) During cell cycle RNA and proteins are synthesized in

31) In which type of cell division does the nuclear membrane remain throughout the division ?

32) Out of the following, which is called quiescent stage ?

33) Amitosis is seen in

34) Important character of amitosis is

35) The term mitosis was introduced by

36) Mitosis occurs in

37) Mitosis is also called as

38) Equational division is

39) The shortest phase in the cell cycle is

40) Old and worn out tissues are replaced due to

41) The diploid somatic cell divides by

42) Karyokinesis is

43) In which type of cell division two identical daughter cells are formed ?

44) Chromosomes are equally distributed among daughter cells during

45) Which division is called somatic cell division ?

46) Which statement is true about mitosis ?

47) On which part of chromosome, is force exerted at the time of seperation of replicated chromosome ?

48) Nuclear membrane disappears during

49) During prophase

50) Chromosome undergo dehydration and coiling during

51) Nuclear membrane and nucleolus disappear at

52) Which part of the cell disappears during mitosis ?

53) At the end of which stage, do cells under microscope and do not show Golgi bodies, nucleous and nuclear membrane ?

54) Chromosomes show various shapes during

55) Which is the longest phase in mitosis ?

56) What happens in the prophase of mitosis ?

57) In animal cells, the centriole starts moving in opposite direction, till they occupy polar positions in _______ phase of cell division.

58) In plant cells, the spindle apparatus is

59) ________ is characterised by the formation of kinetic spindle.

60) Chromosomes are arranged on equational plate during

61) Spindle fibers are attached to chromosomes in the region of

62) The spindle fibers arises from

63) Longest stage in M -phase of cell cycle is

64) Astral rays are formed of

65) Mitosis is observed in

66) Spindle formation starts in

67) Microtubules are involved in

68) In which stage are chromosomes arranged at the equator ?

69) The stage of mitosis when the chromosomes move towards the pole is

70) The shortest phase in mitosis is

71) Two sister chromatids are attached with

72) Astral rays are produced from

73) Separation of chromosomes starts at

74) Which is NOT TRUE for anaphase of mitosis ?

75) Nuclear membrane reappers in

76) Reappearance of nuclear membrane, disappearance of spindle fibers, formation of chromatin network are the characters of

77) In which phase of mitosis, do disappearance of spindle fibres and reappearance of nucleolus occur ?

78) In mitosis, the nucleoli reappears during

79) How many equational divisions are necessary in a cell of onion root tip to form 128 cells ?

80) The main significance of mitosis is that

81) What is true about mitosis ?

82) Spindle fibers are composed of

83) Division of cytoplasm is called

84) Karyokinesis is the division of

85) In animal cell, cytokinesis takes place by

86) The region of chromosome to which spindle fibres are attached is called

87) Organelle important in spindle formation during nuclear division is

88) Growth of organisms takes place due to

89) Replication of centriole takes place in

90) The centromere of chromosomes gives rise to a fibre from either side of its surface called as

91) Anastral mitosis is observed in

92) The most suitable plant material to study mitosis is

93) Centromere is a part of

94) When a unicellular zygote forms multicellular organism, _________ division takes place.

95) Mitosis of plant and animal differs in

96) The fibers which extend between the centromeres of daughter chromatids are called

97) The stage at which cleavage or cytokinesis begins in animal cell is

98) Which of the following is related with cell division ?

99) Post-mitotic gap phase is also known as

100) Meiosis is also known as

101) Meiosis is associated with

102) Meiosis has evolutionary significance because it results in

103) In meiosis haploid condition is maintained by which stage ?

104) The spindle formation is completed and occupied nuclear region during ______ phase.

105) In meiosis I, the centromere

106) The period between meosis I and meosis II is called

107) When paternal and maternal chromosomes mutually exchange their material in cell division, the event is called

108) Which event is not associated with prophase I ?

109) Which one of the following structures will not be common to meiotic cells of higher plants ?

110) Cell division in sexual reproduction is

111) In meiosis actual reduction of chromosome takes place in

112) In meiosis, the chromosome

113) The longest phase in meiotic division is

114) Anaphase I differs from anaphase II in

115) Meiosis term was coined by

116) The chromosomes are thin and long thread - like during

117) Process of synapsis is seen is

118) Pairing of homologus chromosomes is called

119) Bivalents are formed during

120) During which phase do chromosomes start length-wise contraction ?

121) Structure formed in Zygotene stage of meiosis, which helps in crossing over is called

122) Synapsis occurs between

123) During which sub stages of prophase I of meiosis are bivalents and DNA replication respectively found ?

124) During which stage of meiosis is synapsis formed ?

125) During ________ phase, two homologous chromosomes start moving towards opposite poles.

126) Disjunction is

127) Seperation of homologus chromosomes at the end of anaphase I is called

128) During telophase I,

129) A short resting period between meiosis I and meiosis II is called

130) Interkinesis is followed by

131) The complex formed by a pair of synapsed homologous chromonosome is called

132) Terminalization of chiasmata takes place during

133) Chiasma formation begins at

134) Meiotic crossing over involves

135) Chiastama represents the site of

136) Crossing over is

137) When paternal and maternal chromsomes change their materials with each other in cell division, this event is called

138) Crossing over may results in

139) Recombination between homologus chromosomes is completed by the end of

140) During _________ phase chromosomes shorten due to coiling.

141) Chromosome number is reduced to half during

142) Exchange of characters between maternal and paternal chromosomes occur during

143) Zygotic meiosis is found in

144) Meiosis I separates

145) The division of centromere in meiosis takes place at

146) The interphase between meiosis I and meiosis II, when present is called

147) Meiosis II is similar to

148) Meiosis of a diploid cell produces

149) Meiosis is a process in which the chromosome duplicate _________ and cell divides _______.

150) Meiosis is responsible for

151) Terminaliztion of chiasmata occurs in

152) During sexual reproduction, which type of cell division maintains the number of chromosomes ?

153) Dyads are characteristic of

154) Which type of cell division takes place in gonads ?

155) Among different stages of prophase I, which one is the longest ?

156) Celllular structure which always disappears during mitosis and meiosis is

157) Gametes contain

158) The pairing of homologus chromosomes in meiosis is known as

159) Synaptonemal complex is formed during

160) How many meiotic divisions are required to produce 200 pollen grains ?

161) The points of crossing over are known as

162) How many times does cytokinesis take place during meiosis ?

163) In which stage do chromosomes appear as thin long threads ?

164) Chromosome number is restored by

165) The four daughter cells produced at the end of meiosis are

166) Diploid chromosome number is 8. What shall be the number of chromatids in each daughter cell after meiosis I ?

167) The haploid condition is produced by

168) DNA content is doubled during

169) Generation time represents period of

170) The sequence of cell cycle is

171) Generation time is

172) How many mitotic divisions are required to form 64 cells from one cell ?

173) Which of the following represents the best stage to view the shape, size and number of chromosomes ?

174) Out of the following which is NOT a correct pair ?

175) If a somatic cell of a plant contains 24 chromosomes, the number of chromosomes present in the gamete will be

176) Correct sequence of various stages of prophase I is

177) For the formation of 120 pollen grains how many reduction divisions are required ?

178) 200 eggs are produced by _______ meiotic divisions.

179) Which one of the following is the CORRECT pairing with reference to prophase I of meiosis ?

180) What is the number of chromosome in a diploid organism in which N=12, at the end of meiosis I ?

181) Number of chromosome groups at the equator of metaphase I of a plant cell, if 2N=60 chromosomes, will be

182) The second meiotic division leads to

183) In meiosis, chromosome number becomes

184) Consider the following statements about plant cytokinesis
I. It usually occurs by cell plate method
II. The spindle usually persists during cytokinesis
III. Cell plate grows centrifugally
Which of the statements given above are correct?

185) I. …A… phase corresponds to the interval between mitosis and initiation of DNA replication
II. In animal cells, during the …B… phase, DNA replication begins in the nucleus and the centriole duplicates in the cytoplasm
III. During the …C… phase, proteins are synthesized for the preparation of mitosis, while cell growth continues
Identify the blanks (A-C) to complete the given statements (I-III) with reference to NCERT textbook

186) Which type of cell division helps in regeneration of cells?

187) Which of the following statement(s) is/are not correct about meiosis?
I. Meiosis involves pairing of homologous chromosomes and recombination between them
II. Two diploid cells are formed at the end of meiosis-II
III. Meiosis involves two sequential cycles of nuclear and cell division called meiosis-I and meiosis-II, but only a single cycle of DNA replication
IV. Meiosis-I is initiated after the parental chromosome replication which produce identical sister chromatids at the S-phase
The correct option is

188) Crossing over occurs during

189) During meiosis, the alleles of the parental pair separate or segregated from each other. How many allele(s) is/are then transmitted to a gamete?

190) The phragmoplast is organized at the

191) The morphology of chromosomes can be studied most easily in

192) The number of chromosomes becomes half in

193) In which of the following phase of cell cycle, mitotic division got arrested?

194) Which of the following phase of cell cycle is also known as the resting phase?

195) Differentiated cell remains at which stage?

196) Choose the correct combination of options to select the correct statement for prophase
I.Chromosomal material condenses to form compact mitotic chromosomes
II.The assembly of mitotic spindle is initiated by the microtubules
III.Cells do not show organelles when viewed under the prophase
IV.The nucleolus or nucleoli degenerate completely

197) Which of the following event distinguishes prophase-I of meiosis from prophase of mitosis?

198) During mitosis, number of chromosomes gets

199) I. Chromosomes cluster at opposite spindle poles their identity is lost as discrete elements
II.Nuclear envelope assembles around the chromosome clusters
III.Nucleolus, Golgi complex and ER reform Above features indicates which phase of mitosis

200) What would be the change in the chromosome number, during S-phase?

201) Arrange the following events of meiosis in a correct sequence and choose the correct option
I.Terminalisation
II.Crossing over
III.Synapsis
IV.Disjunction of genomes

202) What is the approximate percentage duration of cell cycle that comes under interphase in humans?

203) Which of the following stage of meiosis is responsible for deciding genetic constitution of gametes?

204) …A…. mitotic cell division is only seen in the diploid somatic cells, while the …B… can show mitotic divisions in both haploid and diploid cells.
Identify A and B form the options given below

205) In meiosis, the chromosome number

206) The phase between two successive M-phase is called

207) At the end of meiosis-II, number of haploid cells formed are

208) The transition between meiosis-I and meiosis-II is

209) Synapsis occurs between

210) In which stage of cell division, chromosomes are most condensed?

211) Which of the protein is found in spindle fibre?

212) During cell division, sometimes there will be failure of separation of sister chromatids. This event is called

213) Which type of chromosomes segregate when a cell undergoes meiosis?

214) Term ‘meiosis’ was proposed by

215) Crossing over that results in genetic recombination in higher organisms occurs between

216) In which of the following stage of the cell cycle, the attachment of spindle fibres to kinetochores of chromosomes occurs?

217) The sequence of events by which a cell duplicates its genome, synthesizes the other constituents of the cell and eventually divides into two daughter cells is termed as

218) In animal cell has, cytokinesis involves

219) Which is correct for meiotic metaphase-I?

220) Crossing over is the exchange of genetic material between

221) Which of the following phase of the cell cycle is not a part of interphase?

222) Colchicine arrests which of the following stage of cell division?

223) Small disc-shaped structures at the surface of the centromeres that appear during metaphase are

224) Meiosis in AaBb will produce gametes

225) The stage between two meiotic division is called

226) Chromosome number can be doubled by using which of the following?

227) Dictyotene a is prolonged

228) Which of the following is unique to mitosis and not a part of meiosis?

229) Spindle fibre is made up of

230) During which stage of meiosis, do tetrads line up at the equator?

231) The anaphase promoting complex is activated by

232) A cell plate is laid down during

233) During which stage of meiosis, do the sister chromatids begin to move towards the poles?

234) In a cell cycle, which structures serves as the site of attachment of spindle fibres?

235) Which of the following serves as mitotic spindle poison?

236) Chromosomes are visible with chromatids at which phase of mitosis?

237) Give the name of the phases of meiosis, in which
I.the chromosome number is reduced to haploid state
II.the amount of DNA is reduced to haploid state The correct option is

238) What type of cell division takes place in the functional megaspore initially in angiosperms?

239) Which of the following statements are correct for multicellular cell division?
I.Cell division brings about embryonic development and growth
II.It plays a role in repair and maintenance of the body
III. It is important for reproduction The correct option is

240) Meiosis involves two sequential cycles of …A… called meiosis-I and meiosis-II but only a single cycle of …B…
Identify A and B to complete the given statement

241) DNA replicates

242) Select the correct sequence of a cell cycle

243) Mitosis or the equational division is usually restricted to …A… cells. However, in some lower plants and in some social insects …B… cells also divide by mitosis.Choose the correct option for A and B from the given options

244) The spindles are formed of

245) During mitosis, ER and nucleolus begin to disappear at

246) The plane of alignment of chromosome at the metaphase stage of cell cycle is referred to as the

247) From the following, identify the two correct statements with reference to meiosis
I. Bead-like structures are absent on chromosomes
II. Displacement of chiasmata occurs in diakinesis
III. Separation of two basic sets of chromosomes
IV. No division of centromere The correct option is

248) Separation of linked genes is called

249) Sequence of four phases of cell cycle is

250) The division of the cytoplasm is termed as

251) Cell would normally proceed to mitosis without interruption

252) The two chromatids of a metaphase chromosome represent

253) In the process of mitotic division during interphase, chromosome material remains in the form of very loosely coiled threads called

254) Which of the following occurs more than one and less than five in a chromosome?

255) Longest phase of meiosis, is

256) Crossing over is also an enzyme mediated process and the enzyme involved is called

257) Which one of the following stages corresponds to Mendel’s law of independent assortment?

258) Which stages of mitosis is known for occurrence of cytokinesis?

259) Characteristic of meiosis is

260) The number of mitotic cell divisions required to produce 256 cells from single cell would be

261) The second check point in cell cycle occurs at

262) The M-phase starts with the …A…, corresponding to the separation of daughter chromosomes, known as …B… and usually ends with division of cytoplasm which is known as …C… Identify A-C to complete the given NCERT statement

263) DNA replication in a cell cycle occurs during

264) When parental and maternal chromosomes change their material with each other in cell division, this event is called

265) Which of the following stage is responsible for the appearance of Lampbrush chromosomes?

266) Chiasmata are most appropriately observed in meiosis during

267) In which of the following stages, the chromosome is single thin and like long thread?

268) From the following, identify the two correct statements with reference to meiosis
I.Bead like reference to meiosis
II.Displacement of chaismata occurs in diakinesic
III. Separation of two basic sets of chromosomes
IV. No division of centromere
The correct option is

269) Which of the following stage of cell cycle is known as quiescent stage?

270) At which stage of mitosis, chromatids separated and passes to different poles?

271) When dividing cells are examined under a light microscope, chromosomes become visible in

272) Phenomenon of crossing over in diploid organisms is responsible for

273) Karyokinesis refers to the division of

274) Which of the following statements are correct for cell cycle?
I. Cell cycle is the sequence of events involving growth and division of a cell from the time of its formation to its own division into daughter cells
II. Cell growth (in terms of cytoplasmic increase) is a continuous process
III. DNA synthesis occurs only during one specific stage in the cell cycle
IV. The replicated chromosomes (DNA) are distributed to daughter nuclei during cell division

275) In which stage of the first meiotic division, two sister chromatids are formed?

276) Mitosis usually results in the

277) Which of the following type of cell cycle is known as equational division?

278) The complete disintegration of nuclear envelope in a cell cycle marks the

279) Chromosomes are arranged along the equator during

280) What is the average duration for mitosis?

281) When synapsis is complete all along the chromosome, the cell is said to have entered a stage called

282) ‘XX’ is a phase of mitosis, in which the chromatin condenses into discrete chromosomes. During ‘XX’ phase, nuclear envelope breaks down and spindles forms at opposite ends of the cell.Identify ‘XX’

283) Mitosis is divided into

284) Which of the following statements (events) is/are true for mitotic telophase?

285) Identify A-C in the given statements, and choose the correct option
I. Spindle microtubules that extend from the two poles of a dividing cell are called …A…
II. A centromere connects two identical copies of a single chromosomes. These two copies are called …B…
III. In ‘X’ phase, the paired chromosomes separate and begin moving to opposite ends of the cell. This ‘X’ is called …C…

286) The interphase is divided into three main phases. There phases are

287) In which of the following stages of the cell cycle chromosome number becomes half?

288) The proteins involved in the movement of chromosomes towards the poles during cell division are

289) Which of the following specie’s haploid cell has maximum chromosome counts?

290) Which one of the following precedes re-formation of the nuclear envelope during M-phase of the cell cycle?

291) Synaptonemal complex is formed during

292) During cell division, chromosome attaches with spindles

293) The spindle microtubules are polar, their orientation is

294) The non-sister chromatids twist around and exchange segments with each other during

295) Two basic stages of cell cycle are

296) The S-phase of cell cycle is characterized by

297) Congression is a phenomenon of

298) Find the correctly matched pairs and choose the correct option
I. Leptotene – The chromosomes become invisible
II. Zygotene – Pairing of homologous chromosomes
III. Pachytene – Dissolution of the synaptonemal complex takes place
IV. Diplotene – Bivalent chromosomes appear as tetrads
V. Diakinesis – Terminalisation of chiasmata takes place

299) Meiosis occurs in which of the following cells?

300) In …A…. phase, there is synthesis of RNAs and proteins that are needed for cell growth and replication of DNA. While it is …B… phase, where synthesis of protein occur that is needed for spindle formation and mitosis to continue.Identify A and B to complete the given statement

301) Read the following statements and select the correct option
I. M-phase represents the phase when the actual cell division or mitosis occurs
II. Interphase represents the phase between two successive M-phases
III. In the 24 hrs average duration of cell cycle of a human cell, cell division proper lasts for only about an hour
IV.The M-phase lasts more than 95% of the duration of cell cycle

302) What change would occur in DNA content, during S-phase?

303) In meiosis, the daughter cells are not similar to that of parent because of

304) During cell cycle, RNA and non-histone proteins are synthesized in

305) Alleles of different genes that are on the same chromosome may occasionally separated by a phenomenon known as

306) In meiosis, division is

307) Choose the correct answer for the statements given below
I. Protein involved in the shortening and thickening of chromosome fibres
II. The name of early prophase when elongated chromosomes occur in overlapped condition like a ball of wool without their ends being visible
III. Each group of astral rays along with its centriole pair
IV. Name the narrow point which is responsible for attaching two sister chromatids to each other

308) If you are provided with root-tips of onion in your class and are asked to count the chromosomes, which of the following stages can you most conveniently look into?

309) In cell cycle, during which phase chromosomes are arranged at equatorial plate?

310) When number of chromosomes is already reduced to half in the first reductional division of meiosis, what is the necessity of second meiotic division?

311) Select the correct option

312) During meiotic division, the

313) Recombination is involved in the process of

314) A diploid living organism develops from zygote by which type of the following repeated cell divisions?

315) Pick out the correct statements
.I.Synapsis of homologous chromosomes takes place during prophase-I of meiosis. II.Division of centromeres takes place during anaphase-I of meiosis.
III.Spindle fibres disappear completely in telophase of mitosis.
IV.Nucleoli reappear at telophase-I of meiosis.

316) The term ‘meiosis’ was given by

317) After the separation of centromeres during mitosis, the chromatids move towards opposite poles of the spindle. Name the term used for these chromatids

318) In which phase, proteins for spindle fibre are synthesized?

319) In meiosis-I, a bivalent is an association of

320) Chiasmata are formed due to

321) Which of the following shows diplotene stage of cell cycle?

322) Select the event of cell cycle which shows the importance of synapsis and the formation of chiasmata

323) Mitosis is a process by which eukaryotic cells

324) Mitosis is characterized by

325) Choose the correct sequence of two main events in mitosis

326) What is the correct sequence of the steps given here? Also work out the process depicted in the steps?
I. Homologous chromosomes move toward opposite poles of the cell; chromatids do not separate.
II. Chromosomes gather together at the two poles of the cell and the nuclear membrances reform.
III. Homologous chromosomes pair and exchanges segments.
IV. Homologous chromosomes align on a central plate.
V. The haploid cells separate completely.

327) What is the nature of cells formed at the end of meiosis-II?

328) The major event that occurs during the anaphase of mitosis, which brings about the equal distribution of chromosomes is

329) What is the function of centromere?

330) The cell cycle of yeast takes about

331) What is not seen during mitosis in somatic cells?

332) At which stage of cell cycle colchicine arrests the spindle?

333) Arrange the following events of meiosis in the correct sequence.
1.Terminalization
2..Crossing over
3.Synapsis
4.Disjunction of genomes
The correct sequence is

334) Spindle fibre is made up of

335) Diakinesis is marked by

336) Cleavage is a unique form of mitotic cell division in which

337) Meiosis occurs in organism during

338) Chromosome reaches their respective poles in which of the following stages of mitosis?

339) Replication of centriole occurs during

340) Genetic recombination is due to

341) Pick out the correct statements.
I.Mitosis takes place in the somatic cells and meiosis takes place in the germ cells
II. During mitosis, the DNA replicates once for one cell division and in meiosis the DNA replicates twice for two cell divisions.
III. Mitosis and meiosis occur both in sexually and asexually reproducing organisms.

342) Chromatid formation takes place in

343) 56 cells are produced in meiosis where first division is

344) A cell in post reproductive stage remains in

345) Most cytogenic activities occur during

346) The term, mitosis was coined by

347) Which of the following character is related with telophase?