Practice Test

Q1) Biotic component of an ecosystem include: Show Answer

Q2) Which is the most stable ecosystem? Show Answer

Q3) In a biotic community, primary consumers are: Show Answer

Q4) Food chain will end with: Show Answer

Q5) Which of the following is one way flow rather than a two way or cyclic flow? Show Answer

Q6) The importance of ecosystem lies in: Show Answer

Q7) The driving force for an ecosystem is: Show Answer

Q8) About how much of solar energy that falls on the leaves of a plant is converted to chemical energy by photosynthesis? Show Answer

Q9) Energy and nutrient enter a community by way of: Show Answer

Q10) A consumer whose carbon atoms have already passed through three species is a: Show Answer

Q11) Average annual precipitation in a desert biome is: Show Answer

Q12) A sequence of speices through which the organic molecules in a community pass is called: Show Answer

Q13) Savannahs are: Show Answer

Q14) Most food chains are composed of: Show Answer

Q15) A micro-climate is controlled mostly by factors associated with: Show Answer

Q16) In which of the following habitats does the diurnal temperature of soil surface vary most? Show Answer

Q17) A biome with high temperature, high rainfall no seasonal change and soil rich in mineral and humus is: Show Answer

Q18) A plant eaten by herbivorous animals which in turn is eaten by a carnivorous animal, it forms a: Show Answer

Q19) A pond is a: Show Answer

Q20) Which of the following communities would have trees? Show Answer

Q21) Which of the following has a vegetation structure with only one level? Show Answer

Q22) What type of pyramids are commonly referred to in the ecological studies? Show Answer

Q23) Which type of system does the earth along with its atmosphere constitute? Show Answer

Q24) Enrichment of habitat (say pond) with nutrients is called: Show Answer

Q25) Wolves and lion may be said to occupy the same trophic level because: Show Answer

Q26) About how much of the chemical energy within the producers tissue become chemical energy within herbivore tissue: Show Answer

Q27) The most diverse oceanic communities are in the: Show Answer

Q28) Which of the following aquatic ecosystem has very little primary productivity? Show Answer

Q29) Which of the following statement is true about ecological relationship? Show Answer

Q30) Light compensation zone refers to the zone: Show Answer

Q31) Aquatic ecosystem covers how much of the earth's surface? Show Answer

Q32) What are biotic components? Show Answer

Q33) The flora and fauna in lakes and ponds are: Show Answer

Q34) The source of energy in an ecosystem is: Show Answer

Q35) The energy storage at consumer level is called: Show Answer

Q36) Most hard competition for food, light and space is seen in: Show Answer

Q37) The leaves of Lotus bear stomata: Show Answer

Q38) The typical biome of an area having 20-40 inches of rainfall is: Show Answer

Q39) An ecosystem resists change because it is in a state of: Show Answer

Q40) Ecosystem has two components: Show Answer

Q41) The number of producers within a specified area would be maximum in: Show Answer

Q42) In an ecosystem, a big fish eats small fishes which eat water fleas supported by phytoplanktons. The water fleas in this ecosystem are: Show Answer

Q43) Which one of the following represents the largest population in an ecosystem? Show Answer

Q44) With regard to ecological food chain, man is a: Show Answer

Q45) The first link in a food chain is always a green plant because: Show Answer

Q46) A food chain is represented by: Show Answer

Q47) Organisms linked in a food chain represent: Show Answer

Q48) Free floating organisms are termed: Show Answer

Q49) The bottom-dwelling organisms are: Show Answer

Q50) First trophic level is represented by: Show Answer

Q51) In a grassland top consumers are: Show Answer

Q52) The food chain in which micro-organisms absorb and breakdown the energy rich compounds synthesized by the producers is: Show Answer

Q53) Lichens do not normally grow in cities: Show Answer

Q54) Primary productivity of ecosystem refers to: Show Answer

Q55) The individuals in the uppermost ring of pyramid represent the one with: Show Answer

Q56) The pyramid of number of individuals per unit area in a grassland ecosystem will be: Show Answer

Q57) Ecological niche is: Show Answer

Q58) Which of the following food chains is correct? Show Answer

Q59) 'Greenhouse effect' is: Show Answer

Q60) For recycling of materials which one is necessary? Show Answer

Q61) Energy flow in an ecosystem is: Show Answer

Q62) The pyramid of energy in a terrestrial ecosystem may be: Show Answer

Q63) Green plants are: Show Answer

Q64) Solar energy can be trapped to the maximum capacity by: Show Answer

Q65) The equilibrium of species is disturbed by: Show Answer

Q66) A food chain starts with: Show Answer

Q67) Biological equilibrium is an equilibrium among the: Show Answer

Q68) When the number of organisms at successive levels are plotted, they assume the shape of a pyramid. This is called: Show Answer

Q69) The salt concentration in open sea is about: Show Answer

Q70) The upper vertical zone upto the depth of 200 metres is known as: Show Answer

Q71) In a food chain, the largest number is of: Show Answer

Q72) Ecosystem is a self-sustanining unit because it consists of: Show Answer

Q73) A component of physical environment of an ecosystem is: Show Answer

Q74) In a food chain animals constitute the: Show Answer

Q75) Second order consumers are: Show Answer

Q76) Active swimmers are: Show Answer

Q77) Food web is constituted by: Show Answer

Q78) Vegetation found around the Mediterranean coast is called: Show Answer

Q79) An ecosystem is a complex interacting system of: Show Answer

Q80) Which of the following is truly a biome? Show Answer

Q81) The ecological niche of an organism is its: Show Answer

Q82) Which of the following forest is more diverse? Show Answer

Q83) The solar energy is trapped to the maximum by: Show Answer

Q84) Agroecosystem is a: Show Answer

Q85) Mangrove vegetation is found in: Show Answer

Q86) In grassland ecosystem the pyramid of energy is: Show Answer

Q87) Photic zone is spread upto a depth of: Show Answer

Q88) Chaparral occurs in Mediterranean area and rainfall occurs during? Show Answer

Q89) Daily tidal cycle recurs after: Show Answer

Q90) Pyramid of number is based on: Show Answer

Q91) Each couple should produce only two children which will help in: Show Answer

Q92) The trophic level of lion in a forest ecosystem is: Show Answer

Q93) About how much of the net primary productivity of a terrestrial ecosystem is eaten and digested by herbivores? Show Answer

Q94) About how much of net primary productivity of an aquatic ecosystem is eaten and digested by herbivores? Show Answer

Q95) Life without air is: Show Answer

Q96) Trophical dense forest is due to: Show Answer

Q97) Pyramid of energy is always: Show Answer

Q98) A kite eats mouse, mice live on grains. Hence the kite is a: Show Answer

Q99) The composition of soil air if affected by: Show Answer

Q100) Plants growing in alpine zone are short due to: Show Answer

Q101) Plants growing near the sea shore are generally resistant to: Show Answer

Q102) An anatomical feature is which exclusively develops to counter high velocity of wind: Show Answer

Q103) The classification of plant groups on the basis of temperature differentiating four zone such as megatherms was proposed by: Show Answer

Q104) Flowering is induced if germinating seeds are exposed to: Show Answer

Q105) The percentage of light from total solar input utilized by plants: Show Answer

Q106) Albedo value refers to: Show Answer

Q107) According to Geiger, the percentage of light reflected by the clouds is: Show Answer

Q108) The albedo value of a forest is around: Show Answer

Q109) The aquatic thermal strata where no temperature gradients are observed is called as: Show Answer

Q110) The alpine forests are classed under the plant group called: Show Answer

Q111) The optimum temperature for seedling growth in the upper Gangetic plains is around: Show Answer

Q112) When a plant of hot climate is transferred to colder regions, it gets an injury called: Show Answer

Q113) In western Himalayas, the Betula trees usually occur in: Show Answer

Q114) Annual carbon fixation by photosynthesis is: Show Answer

Q115) Annual world precipitation is: Show Answer

Q116) Maximum oxygen comes from: Show Answer

Q117) The main nitrogen reservoir in the biosphere is: Show Answer

Q118) The largest reservoir of sulphur in the biospere is the: Show Answer

Q119) The largest reservoir of phosphorus in the biosphere is the: Show Answer

Q120) Which one of the following pairs is a sedimentary type of biogeochemical cycle? Show Answer

Q121) Dense evergreen vegetation of broad sclerophyllous leaves and shrubs with fire resistant resinous plants is known as: Show Answer

Q122) Correct sequence in ascending order: Show Answer

Q123) Which of the following factor is responsible for animals to be successful: Show Answer

Q124) Perfect example of interdependence of plants and animals upon each other is: Show Answer

Q125) In any ecosystem or biological system there is transfer of energy at different trophic levels. The study of energy transfer at different trophic level is known as: Show Answer

Q126) Keystone species in ecosystem are those: Show Answer

Q127) Which of the following ecosystem has highest rate of gross primary production: Show Answer

Q128) The tendency of an organism to maintain internal equilibrium in response to any change in its environment is called or a tendency of biological systems to resist change so as to remain in a state of equilibrium is called: Show Answer

Q129) 10% energy transfer law in food chain was first given by: Show Answer

Q130) In India Tropical rain forests occur in: Show Answer

Q131) Pedology is the study of: Show Answer

Q132) When an organism is benefited without affecting the other is called: Show Answer

Q133) From first or lower trophic level to upper trophic level energy is degraded from high grade form to low grade form, it can be made clear from: Show Answer

Q134) In an ecosystem bacteria are considered as: Show Answer

Q135) A lake ecosystem is: Show Answer

Q136) The ecological pyramids are of: Show Answer

Q137) In which ecosystem species diversity is low: Show Answer

Q138) The succession as a result of changes in communities on earth's surface is called as: Show Answer

Q139) The climatic and edaphic factors working on a community is collectively known as: Show Answer

Q140) Individuals (organisms) of the same species inhabiting in a particualr locality constitute: Show Answer

Q141) During adverse season therophytes survive by: Show Answer

Q142) Plants that lack perennating buds and are annuals are placed in the life form: Show Answer

Q143) The concept of life form classes and biological spectrum was proposed by: Show Answer

Q144) The population of a place or an area tends to increase when: Show Answer

Q145) Eichhornia crassipes is a: Show Answer

Q146) Which one of the following is a correct food chain: Show Answer

Q147) Niche of a speices in an ecosystem refers to its: Show Answer

Q148) In a food chain of the largest population is that of: Show Answer

Q149) If forest cover is reduced to half, what is most likely to happen on a long term basis: Show Answer

Q150) The nature of climax community will depend upon: Show Answer

Q151) Extremities, tail and ear are relatively shorter in animals living in cold regions as compared to those inhabiting warmer zones. This is: Show Answer

Q152) Food levels in an ecosystem are called: Show Answer

Q153) First link in any food chain is green plant: Show Answer

Q154) Actively moving or swimming animals in aquatic systems are: Show Answer

Q155) Proper food chain is: Show Answer

Q156) The species losses in tropical countries is mainly due to: Show Answer

Q157) Which of the following can be considered an ecosystem? Show Answer

Q158) A large number of organic compounds can be decomposed by: Show Answer

Q159) Which is the main causative factor of desertification: Show Answer

Q160) The abundance of a species population within its habitat is called: Show Answer

Q161) Pyramid of numbers illustrates: Show Answer

Q162) In an ecosystem, there is a flow of energy from the producers to the consumers at different levels. This is known as the: Show Answer

Q163) Eutrophication in water results in: Show Answer

Q164) In a forest ecosystem, the fungi come under the category of: Show Answer

Q165) Identify the incorrect statement among the following statements on the effect of deforestation: Show Answer

Q166) The dominant second trophic level in a lake ecosystem is: Show Answer

Q167) Which of the following is the most characteristic feature of a xeric environment: Show Answer

Q168) Deciduous forests are characterised by: Show Answer

Q169) We refer to the following as the food chain: Show Answer

Q170) In an ecosystem there is flow of energy at different trophic levels. This is as follows: Show Answer

Q171) In a tiger reserve the tiger is placed in the: Show Answer

Q172) A rat feeding on potato tuber is: Show Answer

Q173) Lentic ecosystem occurs in which kind of water? Show Answer

Q174) Biome had organisms of various trophic level? Show Answer

Q175) Secondary proudcers are: Show Answer

Q176) Drought resistance of succulents is connected with: Show Answer

Q177) Ecosystem of a pond is: Show Answer

Q178) Mangrove of marshy Sundarbans is characterised by: Show Answer

Q179) Correct sequence in a food chain is: Show Answer

Q180) Organisms living at the bottom of a lake are: Show Answer

Q181) No animal can live: Show Answer

Q182) Hibernation occuring in certain animals is: Show Answer

Q183) In an ecosystem, trophic level of man is: Show Answer

Q184) Tip of an ecological pyramid is occupied by: Show Answer

Q185) Zooplanktonic forms are: Show Answer

Q186) Which of the following occurs in abiotic component of ecosystem? Show Answer

Q187) A treeless biome is: Show Answer

Q188) A man-made microecosystem is: Show Answer

Q189) Which one has always a steeper vertical gradient? Show Answer

Q190) Which one is exclusive xerophytic adaptation? Show Answer

Q191) Which one has evergreen vegetation and drought adapted animals? Show Answer

Q192) Which part of the world has high density of organisms? Show Answer

Q193) Viviparity and pneumatophores are features of: Show Answer

Q194) Trophic levels are formed by: Show Answer

Q195) An ecosystem has which of the following two components? Show Answer

Q196) The atmospheric humidity is measured by: Show Answer

Q197) The concept of ecological pyramids was developed by: Show Answer

Q198) From feeding on herbivorous insect is: Show Answer

Q199) Maximum biomass of autotrophs in oceans is made of: Show Answer

Q200) Terai forest is: Show Answer

Q201) Savannah is found commonly in: Show Answer

Q202) A recently discovered ecosystem is: Show Answer

Q203) Controlling factor in ecosystem is: Show Answer

Q204) Transition zone between two vegetational types is: Show Answer

Q205) Plant decomposers are: Show Answer

Q206) The ecosystem consists of: Show Answer

Q207) Desert can be converted into green land by planting: Show Answer

Q208) In food chain, lion is a: Show Answer

Q209) Which ecosystem shows maximum genetic diversity? Show Answer

Q210) Which of the following is correctly matched? Show Answer

Q211) Organisms found at the bottom of sea are: Show Answer

Q212) If the high altitude birds become rare or extinct, the plants which may disappear along with them are: Show Answer

Q213) An ecosystem which can be easily damaged but can recover after some time if damaging effect stops will be having: Show Answer

Q214) If by radiation all nitrogenase enzymes are inactivated, then there will be no: Show Answer

Q215) Which one of the following is correct matching of plant, its habit, and the forest type where it normally occurs? Show Answer

Q216) Energy transferred from one trophic level to another is: Show Answer

Q217) Maximum absorption of rainfall water is done by: Show Answer

Q218) Which of the following is called as a detritivore? Show Answer

Q219) Which one of the following is not used for construction of ecological pyramids? Show Answer

Q220) Increased asthmatic attacks in certain seasons are related to: Show Answer

Q221) Consider the following statements concerning food chains: Show Answer

Q222) Large Woody Vines are more commonly found in: Show Answer

Q223) Mass of living matter at a trophic level in an area at any time is called: Show Answer

Q224) Of the total incident solar radiation the proportion of PAR is: Show Answer

Q225) In an aquatic ecosystem, which of the following are dominant in shallow water? Show Answer

Q226) Which of the following processes is involved in decomposition of detritus? Show Answer

Q227) What is the mean net primary productivity of tropical rain forest ecosystem? Show Answer

Q228) One of the following fall in the category of lowest productivity category? Show Answer

Q229) What is the key function of ecosystem? Show Answer

Q230) Photosynthetic efficiency is represented by: Show Answer

Q231) Which of the following is/are involved in the ammonification during nitrogen cycle? Show Answer

Q232) Mean annual rainfall (mm) in the tropical rain forest is: Show Answer

Q233) The primary productivity in grassland is directly related to: Show Answer

Q234) Which of the following is/are common trees and shrubs in savannah: Show Answer

Q235) Select the correct statement: Show Answer

Q236) Which of the following is an abiotic component of an ecosystem? Show Answer

Q237) Which of the following processes helps in nutrient conservation? Show Answer

Q238) Which of the following represents the sedimentary type of nutrient cycle? Show Answer

Q239) Which of the following is free living nitrogen fixing bacteria present in soil? Show Answer

Q240) What fraction of assimilated energy is used in respiration by the herbivore? Show Answer

Q241) Select the correct statement: Show Answer

Q242) Which of the following organisms and trophic levels is mismatched? Show Answer

Q243) Chemosynthetic bacteria found around deep-sea vents are examples of Show Answer

Q244) In an ecosystem, Show Answer

Q245) Primary productivity Show Answer

Q246) The open ocean and tropical rain forest are the two largest contributors to Earth's net primary productivity because Show Answer

Q247) Productivity in terrestrial ecosystems is affected by Show Answer

Q248) Secondary productivity Show Answer

Q249) Which of the following is not true of a pyramid of productivity? Show Answer

Q250) Biogeochemical cycles are global for elements Show Answer

Q251) Which of these processes is incorrectly paired with its description? Show Answer

Q252) Carbon cycles relatively rapidly except when it is Show Answer

Q253) What do primary producers have available to convert into biomass? Show Answer

Q254) Which of the following trophic levels would have the largest numbers of individuals? Show Answer

Q255) Which of the following elements is not a major component of living systems? Show Answer

Q256) Most of Earth's nitrogen is in Show Answer

Q257) The gas that is removed from the atmosphere by plants and algae is Show Answer

Q258) Most of the world's carbon is found Show Answer

Q259) Photosynthesis and respiration are central to which cycle? Show Answer

Q260) In the past 150 years there has been a major new input to the carbon cycle. What is it? Show Answer

Q261) Nitrogen is often in short supply in terrestrial ecosystems. Why? Show Answer

Q262) The phosphorus cycle differs from the carbon cycle in that Show Answer

Q263) Which of the following statements regarding the movement of energy and nutrients through ecosystem is true? Show Answer

Q264) Which of the following changes would not result in an increase in net primary production? Show Answer

Q265) On average, how much of the energy assimilated at one trophic level is converted to production the next trophic level (excluding the conversion of sun-light into chemical energy by plants) Show Answer

Q266) Which of the following always has a "pyramidal" shape, that is decreasing values at higher trophic levels? Show Answer

Q267) Which of the following statements regarding the hydrological cycle is false? Show Answer

Q268) In biogeochemical cycles, elements that cycle fastest Show Answer

Q269) Which of the following biogeochemical cycles is characterized by a major reservoir that is gaseous, and a major inorganic form that can only be utilized by a small group of bacteria and cyanobacteria? Show Answer

Q270) Which of the following biogeochemical cycles is characterized by a form which is a major greenhouse gas? Show Answer

Q271) Which of the following biogeochemical cycles lacks a gaseous phase? Show Answer

Q272) Which of the following biogeochemical cycles has a gaseous phase released by volcanoes and fumaroles? Show Answer

Q273) Which of the following biogeochemical cycles has a major reservoir in sedimentary rock? Show Answer

Q274) In the human-induced condition called eutrophication, the main biogeochemical cycle that is altered is the ______ cycle, and the effect is to create ______ conditions and decrease species diversity. Show Answer

Q275) Slow rate of decomposition of fallen logs in nature is due to Show Answer

Q276) In the human-induced condition called acid precipitation, the main biogeochemical cycles that are altered are the ______ cycles, and one effect in lakes is the _______ of populations of nitrifying bacteria. Show Answer

Q277) Which of the following is not a part of either gross or net primary production in plants? Show Answer

Q278) Which of the following statements about food chains and energy flow through ecosystems is false? Show Answer

Q279) Assuming that the energy transfer efficiency between trophic levels is 10%, how much grain would be required to produce 70 kg of human biomass if the grain is eaten by cows and the cows are eaten by humans? Show Answer

Q280) Which of the following is not an objective of integrated pest management? Show Answer

Q281) Which of the following could not be considered an ecosystem? Show Answer

Q282) In which of the following compartments of the global ecosystem would circulation of materials be affected by Earth's revolution around the sun? Show Answer

Q283) Which of the following statements about biogeochemical cycles is not true? Show Answer

Q284) Which of the following is true about the amount of sunlight and heat arriving on Earth? Show Answer

Q285) The amount of energy reaching an upper trophic level is determined by Show Answer

Q286) Select the correct combination of statements (I - IV) regarding the characteristics of productivity.
I. The rate of biomass production is called productivity and is expressed in terms of a kcal m^(-2).
II. Gross primary productivity is rate of production of biomass during photosynthesis.
III. Gross primary productivity minus respiration loss is called net primary productivity.
IV. Primary productivity depends only on the plant species inhabiting a particular area. The correct statements are Show Answer

Q287) Fill in the blanks, in the following simplified model of a nutrient cycle. Show Answer

Q288) The given figure best represents Show Answer

Q289) Valuable, practical services that help to preserve ecosystems performed by nature are called _____. Show Answer

Q290) Identify the incorrect statement from the following Show Answer

Q291) The correct definition of ecosystem is Show Answer

Q292) When a peacock eats snakes which eats insects thriving on green plants, the peacock is Show Answer

Q293) In an ecosystem, the population of Show Answer

Q294) Which is correct sequence in the food chain? Show Answer

Q295) When a big fish eats a small fish which eats water fleas supported by phytoplankton, the water fleas are Show Answer

Q296) Graphical representation of biomass relationship between the producer and the consumers is called Show Answer

Q297) A food chain consists of Show Answer

Q298) In a forest ecosystem, green plants are Show Answer

Q299) In a food chain, herbivores are Show Answer

Q300) Percentage of nitrogen in air is about Show Answer

Q301) The transfer of energy in food chain is Show Answer

Q302) A vegetarian food habits of man help in getting Show Answer

Q303) The gaseous portion of outer earth surface is Show Answer

Q304) Which of the food chain will be advantageous in terms of energy? Show Answer

Q305) Ecological niche refers to Show Answer

Q306) Which of the following biome has largest number of species? Show Answer

Q307) Chapparal occurs in area Show Answer

Q308) Name the sedimentary cycle that has a small gaseous components Show Answer

Q309) The secondary productivity means Show Answer

Q310) Which one of the following has the largest population in a food chain? Show Answer

Q311) Second most important trophic level is a lake is Show Answer

Q312) Secondary producers are Show Answer

Q313) Identify the incorrect statement from the following. Show Answer

Q314) Which of the following process will be most adversely affected if microorganisms are removed from a forest ecosystem? Show Answer

Q315) Food chains differ from food webs in that -
A. food chains are a single sequence of who eats whom in a community.
B. food chains better represent the entire community.
C. food webs represent the complex interaction among food chain.
D. food chain is the flow of energy in a population. Show Answer

Q316) Which of the following factors influence communities -
A. Climate
B. Species interaction
C. Feeding relationships among organisms
D. Succession Show Answer

Q317) Which of following is/are trend (s) in ecological succession -
A. an increase in complexity of species
B. an increase in productivity
C. an increase in community stability and species diversity
D. a decrease in non-living organic materials. Show Answer

Q318) Primary productivity depends upon -
A. The plant species inhabiting a particular area.
B. Availability of nutrients.
C. Photosynthetic capacity of plants. Show Answer

Q319) Which of the following ecological pyramids may be upright or inverted?
A. pyramid of energy
B. pyramid of number
C. pyramid of biomass
D. none. Show Answer

Q320) Grasslands can support greater grazing rates by herbivores than forests because Show Answer

Q321) The total amount of energy that plants assimilate by photosynthesis is called Show Answer

Q322) Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct about biogeochemical cycle -
A. Carbon and nitrogen cycle faster than phosphorus cycle.
B. All biogeochemical cycles include both organisms and non-living components.
C. Most elements remain longest in the living portion of their cycle.
D. The chemical elements used by organisms in large quantities cycle back and forth between organisms and environment. Show Answer

Q323) The cycle most important for modifying temperature fluctuation is Show Answer

Q324) Which is/are true regarding ecosystem?
A. Self sufficient unit.
B. Cyclic exchange of materials between living beings and environment.
C. Only requirement is input of energy.
D. Characterized by a major vegetation type. Show Answer

Q325) Which of the following are artificial aquatic ecosystems?
A. large dams and reservoirs
B. lakes and canals
C. fishery tanks and aquaria
D. river Show Answer

Q326) The phosphates remain outside the natural cycle for a long time Show Answer

Q327) The term used to describe all the species and physical factor at a site is the Show Answer

Q328) The amount of energy that is left to build bodies is termed Show Answer

Q329) A. P-cycling depends only on biological processes.
B. In general, food chains are more stable then food webs.
C. The food chain that depends on decomposing plant or animal matter is the detritus.
D. Humans can feed at several trophic levels and are classified as omnivores. Show Answer

Q330) Combustion of fossil fuels most directly affects the Show Answer

Q331) Which of the following include(s) ecosystem services -
A. Purification of air and water by forests.
B. Forests mitigate droughts and flood.
C. Forests act as store house of carbon.
D. Forests influence hydrological cycle. Show Answer

Q332) Select the correct statement(s) -
A. The factors affecting decomposition are chemical nature of detritus and the climatic factors.
B. It detritus is rich in lignin and chitin decomposition is very fast.
C. Decomposition is very slow if the detritus is rich in nitrogen.
D. Detritus is the raw material for decomposition. Show Answer

Q333) A. The amount of living matter (biomass) present at every trophic level is called standing crop.
B. Saprophytes are not given any in ecological pyramids.
C. Ecological pyramid does not account the same species belonging to two or more trophic levels.
D. Humus is reservoir of nutrients. Show Answer

Q334) Which of the following is/are incorrect -
A. All ecosystems are constant in size.
B. In nature food chains exist, not food web.
C. Flow of energy in ecosystem is linear.
D. Gene flow occurs between 2 different population (of 2 species) Show Answer

Q335) Ecological efficiency at each trophic level of a particular ecosystem is 20%. If green plants of the ecosystem capture 100 units of energy, about how many units of energy will be available to support herbivores Show Answer

Q336) Ecological succession is Show Answer

Q337) Succession is a Show Answer

Q338) A dynamic equilibrium is established between community and environment when Show Answer

Q339) Which is correct? Show Answer

Q340) Herbivores are Show Answer

Q341) Food chain consists of Show Answer

Q342) Autotrophs are Show Answer

Q343) In which of the following areas does the primary succession occur? Show Answer

Q344) Which of the following statements about the food chain is false? Show Answer

Q345) Go through the following statements.
A. Primary productivity of all ecosystem is a constant.
B. The annual net primary productivity of the whole of the biosphere is 17 million tons (dry weight) of organic matter.
C. Net primary productivity is the amount of biomass available for consumption by carnivores.
D. Secondary productivity is defined as the rate of formation of new organic matter by decomposers.
E. Primary productivity depends on the plant species inhabiting a particular area.
Which of the above the statements about productivity is true ? Show Answer

Q346) Arrange the following ecosystems in increasing order of mean NPP (Tonnes/ha/year)
A. Tropical deciduous forest
B. Temperate coniferous forest
C. Tropical rain forest
D. Temperate deciduous forest Show Answer

Q347) The energy invested in the production of new tissue by autotrophic organisms is termed Show Answer

Q348) Which of the following is true of net primary production? Show Answer

Q349) Which of the following statements is incorrect? Show Answer

Q350) Which of the following is NOT a reason why productivity declines from one trophic level to the next? Show Answer

Q351) Which of the following is NOT true of a food web? Show Answer

Q352) Which of the following is NOT a hypothesis for why food-chain length is limited? Show Answer

Q353) Which of the following is NOT a basic aspect of biogeochemical cycling? Show Answer

Q354) Several of the major human impacts are farming, logging, burning and soil erosion. They all result in accelerated nutrient loss by what common mechanism? Show Answer

Q355) Why are changes in the global carbon cycle important? Show Answer

Q356) Go through the statements.
A. In terrestrial ecosystem, maximum energy is present in T1.
B. In grassland ecosystem, the pyramid of biomass is upright.
C. In pyramid of food, the producers occupy the base.
D. Energy flow in an ecosystem is bidirectional.
E. If all green plants of earth are destroyed, all animals shall die ultimately.
F. The typical biome of an area having 50 to 100 cm of rainfall is grassland.
How many of the above statement(s) is wrong? Show Answer

Q357) The annual net primary productivity of the whole biosphere is approximately. Show Answer

Q358) The important step in the process of decomposition in order is Show Answer

Q359) In trophic level of our ecosystem we belong to Show Answer

Q360) Which of the following is false?
I. Quantity of biomass in a trophic level at a particular period is called standing crop.
II. The energy content in a trophic level is determined by considering a few individuals of a species in that trophical level.
III. The succession that occurs in nearly cooled lava is called primary succession.
IV. Rate of succession is faster in the secondary succession.
V. Phytoplanktons are the pioneers in aquatic succession. Show Answer

Q361) The component of the ecosystem are seen to function as a unit when you consider which of the following aspects -
A. Productivity
B. Decomposition
C. Energy flow
D. Nutrient cycle Show Answer

Q362) Which of the following is correct? Show Answer

Q363) Which of the following is wrong? Show Answer

Q364) Which of the following statements is correct?
A. An important characteristic of all communities is that composition and structure constantly change in response to the changing environmental condition.
B. These changes lead finally to a community that is in equilibrium with it self and not the environment and that is called climax community.
C. The entire sequence of communities that successively change in a given area are called sere(s). Show Answer

Q365) The two major differences between carbon and phosphorus cycle are -
A. Atmospheric inputs of phosphorus through rainfall are much smaller than carbon inputs.
B. Atmospheric inputs of phosphorus through rainfall are much greater than carbon inputs.
C. Gaseous exchange of phosphorus between organic and environment is not negligible.
D. Gaseous exchange of phosphorus between organic and environment are negligible. Show Answer

Q366) With which of four levels of biological organization of Ecology is basically concerned?
A. Organisms
B. Species
C. Family
D. Population
E. Community
F. Biomass Show Answer

Q367) Which of the following is in order of importance of the most influencing factor in life of organisms? Show Answer

Q368) Which of the following statements are correct?
A. Detritivores break down detritus into smaller particles. This process is called fragmentation.
B. By the process of leaching, water soluble inorganic nutrients go down into the soil horizon and get participated as unavailable salts.
C. Bacterial and fungal enzymes degrade detritus into simpler inorganic substances. This process is called catabolism. Show Answer

Q369) Which of the following statements regarding decomposition is false?
I. Warm and moist favours decompositions.
II. Decomposition rate is slower if detritus is rich in chitin and lignin.
III. Earthworm is detritus.
IV. Precipitation of soluble inorganic nutrients in the soil horizon as unavailable salt is called mineralization.
V. Detritus is the raw material for decomposition. Show Answer

Q370) Dead plant remains such as leaves, bark, flowers and dead remains of animals, including fecal matter constitutes Show Answer

Q371) Which of the following represents an incomplete ecosystem? Show Answer

Q372) Which of the given below pyramids represents the variation in biomass at different trophic levels in pond ecosystem? Show Answer

Q373) Choose the odd one out w.r.t. succession Show Answer

Q374) Organisms which are associated with first as well as third trophic level are Show Answer

Q375) During nutrient immobilization, nutrients get incorporated in the body of living organisms like Show Answer

Q376) Net primary productivity Show Answer

Q377) The amount of biomass or organic matter produced per unit area over a time period by plants during photosynthesis is called primary production, which is expressed as Show Answer

Q378) Researchers have put an average price tag of US $ 33 trillion a year on the fundamental ecosystems services, which are largely taken for granted because they are free. This is nearly how many times the value of the global gross national product. Show Answer

Q379) The overall productivity in terrestrial ecosystems is limited by Show Answer

Q380) Productivity at the second trophic level is always Show Answer

Q381) Which one of the following animals may occupy more than one trophic levels in the same ecosystem at the same time? Show Answer

Q382) The path that an element takes as it moves from abiotic systems through living organisms and back again is referred to as its Show Answer

Q383) Which of the following is not one of the three aspects studied in biogeochemical cycling? Show Answer

Q384) Which of the following most often limits the rate at which nutrients move through an ecosystem? Show Answer

Q385) Perturbation of which of the following cycles contributes most to global warming? Show Answer

Q386) Why are economists trying to quantify the dollar value of ecosystem services? Show Answer

Q387) In most food chains, Show Answer

Q388) Assume that the green plants in an ecosystem produce 1000 grams of dry mass per square meter par year and there is an efficiency of 10 percent in each transfer of energy from one trophic level to the next. How many total grams of dry mass will produce by the tertiary consumers per square meter per year? Show Answer

Q389) The problem(s) with the notion that if all humans became vegetarians, then the earth could support more people is that Show Answer

Q390) Of the five elements that are the most important constituents of living things, the only one that requires the action of microorganisms to enter the living system is Show Answer

Q391) Relationships in an ecosystem can be depicted through Show Answer

Q392) In upright pyramid of biomass, herbivores occupy the position Show Answer

Q393) Which one is inverted pyramid? Show Answer

Q394) Pyramid of numbers in grassland ecosystem is Show Answer

Q395) An ecological pyramid of biomass is the representation of the ecosystem's Show Answer

Q396) Both, hydrarch and xerarch successions lead to Show Answer

Q397) Mr. X is eating yoghurt. For this he is occupying the trophic level. Show Answer

Q398) The breakdown of detritus into smaller particles by earthworm is a process called Show Answer

Q399) Which of the following would probably have the greatest total biomass? Show Answer

Q400) Which one of the species is probably carnivorous? Show Answer

Q401) Which species is (a) decomposer? Show Answer

Q402) If a pyramid of number, representing an ecosystem of a large fresh water pond, the number of primary consumers is Show Answer

Q403) The free floating organisms of an open sea and the shore are collectively called Show Answer

Q404) Which creatures are direct or indirect food of all creatures on the ocean's surface? Show Answer

Q405) In plant succession when climax is reached the net productivity Show Answer

Q406) Find out the correct older of succession levels in xerarch. Show Answer

Q407) Which one of the following ecosystem types has the highest annual net primary productivity? Show Answer

Q408) In a pyramid of number, in a grassland ecosystem, the largest population is that of Show Answer

Q409) Some of the stages in the hydrarch are labelled as -
A. Marsh meadow stage
B. Reed swamp stage
C. Submerged plant stage
D. Phytoplankton stage
E. Submerged free floating plant stage
Identify the choice that represents the correct sequence of these stages. Show Answer

Q410) Which one of the following regarding ecological pyramid is not correct? Show Answer

Q411) The bacteria which attack dead animals are Show Answer

Q412) Which one of the following is considered as pioneer community in xerarch? Show Answer

Q413) A detrivorous animal of economic importance is Show Answer

Q414) The dominant second trophic level, in a lake ecosystem is Show Answer

Q415) Which of the following statements is false?
I. Pyramids of energy and yearly biomass production can never be inverted, since this would violate the laws of thermodynamics.
II. Pyramids of standing crop and numbers can be inverted, since the amount of organisms at any one time does not indicate the amount of energy flowing through the system.
III. There are certain limitations of ecological pyramids such as it does not take into account the same species belonging to two or more trophic levels.
IV. Saprophytes are not given any place in ecological pyramids even though they play a vital role in the ecosystem. Show Answer

Q416) Read the following statements carefully.
I. Primary succession is a very slow process taking thousands of years for the climax to be reached.
II. Energy at a higher trophic level is always more than at a lower level.
III. Bacterial and fungal enzymes degrade detritus into simpler inorganic substances. This process is called fragmentation.
IV. All succession whether taking place in water or on land, proceeds to a similar climax community - the mesic.
Which of the two above statements are correct? Show Answer

Q417) In the process of ecological succession, organisms that are present at one stage change Show Answer

Q418) Amount of carbon in the environment Show Answer

Q419) The four main processes of the water cycle are Show Answer

Q420) In recycling of mineral elements within an ecosystem, the responsible direct causal organism are called Show Answer

Q421) Animals with a constant body temperature such as mammals and birds require more food than do animals with a changing body temperature such as reptiles and fish. Why? Show Answer

Q422) The most energy-efficient method to feed large human populations such as China is to eat Show Answer

Q423) A. GFC is major conduit of energy flow in aquatic ecosystem.
B. Food chain maintains stability in an ecosystem by providing alternate organisms at different trophic level.
C. DFC may be connected to GFC. Show Answer

Q424) A term biotype means Show Answer

Q425) The pyramid of number of a parasitic food chain in forest ecosystem is Show Answer

Q426) In terms of percentage of total forest cover, the most abundant type of the forest in India is Show Answer

Q427) The important steps, in the process of decomposition are Show Answer

Q428) In an ecosystem, at a particular time standing crop Show Answer

Q429) In a pyramid of biomass, if the total dry weight (kg/ml) of primary producers is about 809 it will decrease at teritary consumer level up-to Show Answer

Q430) The upright pyramid of number is absent in Show Answer

Q431) Which one of the following processes during decomposition is correctly described? Show Answer

Q432) A sedentary sea anemone gets attached to the shell lining of hermit crab. The association is Show Answer

Q433) Natural reservoir of phosphorus is Show Answer

Q434) Secondary productivity is rate of formation of new organic matter by Show Answer

Q435) The total mass of nutrient matter that makes up the Earth is _______. Show Answer

Q436) The net primary productivity of an ecosystem can be viewed as the Show Answer

Q437) Which of the following is incorrect? Show Answer

Q438) The removal of 'Keystone' species will affect Show Answer

Q439) Anthropogenic ecosystems Show Answer

Q440) Select the correct statements. Show Answer

Q441) The rate of biomass production and the rate of production of organic matter during photosynthesis are called respectively Show Answer

Q442) Pick out the correct option from (A) to (D).
A. Primary succession begins in areas where natural communities have been destroyed.
B. Hydrarch succession takes place in water.
C. The climax community is the community that is in near equilibrium with the immediate environment.
D. In newly cooled lava secondary succession occurs. Show Answer

Q443) Which one of the following group of organisms can represent every trophic level in a ecosystem? Show Answer

Q444) Secondary succession takes place on/in Show Answer

Q445) In an ecosystem the rate of production of organic matter during photosynthesis is termed as Show Answer

Q446) Most animals are tree dwellers in a Show Answer

Q447) Most animals that live in deep oceanic waters are Show Answer

Q448) In which of the following both pairs have correct combination? Show Answer

Q449) During ecological succession Show Answer

Q450) Which of the following is a characteristic feature of cropland ecosystem? Show Answer

Q451) Which of the following would appear as the pioneer organisms on bare rocks? Show Answer

Q452) The term ecosystem was coined by Show Answer

Q453) The primary producers of the deep-sea hydrothermal vent ecosystem are Show Answer

Q454) Ecotone is Show Answer

Q455) 'Edge effect' is observed in case of Show Answer

Q456) Community dynamics is related to Show Answer

Q457) Which ecosystem has the highest gross primary productivity Show Answer

Q458) In primary succession in water, the pioneer species are Show Answer

Q459) The pyramid of biomass will be inverted in the ecosystem of Show Answer

Q460) Large unit of land having different types of plants and animals, is called Show Answer

Q461) Which of the following is known as the sedimentary cycle because its reservoir is a sedimentary rock? Show Answer

Q462) In ecological succession the communities in near equilibrium with the environment, are called Show Answer

Q463) Dried plant parts such as leaves, bark, flowers, etc., and dead remains of animals including faecal matter,
drop over the soil, constitute
I. below ground detritus
II. above ground detritus
III. litter fall
Choose the correct option Show Answer

Q464) In the following, there is no difference Show Answer

Q465) Consider the following statements about carbon cycle
I. Carbon is released into the atmosphere
II. The atmospheric input of carbon from rainfall is greater
III. Carbon gas is exchanged between organisms and atmosphere during respiration
Which of the statement given above are correct? Show Answer

Q466) Ecological pyramids were discovered by Show Answer

Q467) Plant successions occurring in a sandy area is Show Answer

Q468) An ecosystem is Show Answer

Q469) What do ecologists call the transfer of energy that begins with the sun and passes from one organism to
the next in a food chain? Show Answer

Q470) Microbes that breakdown the complex organic matter into simple substances like carbon, nitrogen, water,
etc., are Show Answer

Q471) Which one of the following is no used for construction of ecological pyramids? Show Answer

Q472) Which element is formed by the weathering of rocks and absorbed by plant from the soil? Show Answer

Q473) Series of changes in structure and comparition of communities on previously barren area is Show Answer

Q474) Energy transferred from on trophic level to another is Show Answer

Q475) When the two ecosystems overlap each other, the areas is called Show Answer

Q476) The total amount of nutrients like carbon, phosphorus, calcium, etc., present in soil at any time is called Show Answer

Q477) A food web is more realistic than a food chain for showing the feeding relationships in an ecosystem
because Show Answer

Q478) Which of the following ecological pyramid are always inverted? Show Answer

Q479) An individual transitional communities in ecological succession are termed as Show Answer

Q480) The living organisms present in an ecosystem forms Show Answer

Q481) The rate of biomass production per unit area over a time period by plants during photosynthesis is called Show Answer

Q482) The decomposition rate is higher when detritus is rich in Show Answer

Q483) A man-made ecosystem is Show Answer

Q484) The green plants in an ecosystem which can trap solar energy to convert it into chemical bond energy are
called Show Answer

Q485) Vegetable eating person acts as Show Answer

Q486) Consider the following statements about food chain
I. The transfer of energy from producers to top consumers through a series of organisms is called food
chain
II. A food chain is always straight and proceeds in a progressive straight line
III. In a food chain, there is unidirectional flow of energy from sun to producers and subsequently to series
of different types of consumers
Which of the statements given above are correct? Show Answer

Q487) Consider the following ecosystem
I. Pond ecosystem II. Terrestrial ecosystem
III. Oceans ecosystem IV. Forest ecosystem
There are mainly three food chain in natural ecosystem’s grazing food chain, detritus food chain, parasite
food chain
Find out which of the following will have grazing food chain? Show Answer

Q488) A much large fraction of energy flows in aquatic ecosystem through Show Answer

Q489) Consider the following statements concerning food chains.
I. Removal of 80% tigers from an area resulted in greatly increased growth of vegetation.
II. Removal of most of the carnivores resulted in an increased population of deers.
III. The length of food chains is generally limited to 3 to 4 trophic levels due to energy loss.
IV. The length of food chains may vary from 2 to 8 trophic levels.
Which two of the above statements are correct? Show Answer

Q490) Consider the following statements about food web
I. One organism hold more than one position
II. The flow of energy is very difficult to calculate
III. Instead of straight line it is a series of branching lines
IV. Competition is amongst the members of same and different trophic levels
Which of the statements given above are correct? Show Answer

Q491) The statement, ‘Tiger is in the apex of food chain’, indicates Show Answer

Q492) Primary productivity is affected by
I. temperature
II. sunlight
III. moisture
IV. availability of nutrients Show Answer

Q493) Inverted pyramid is found in Show Answer

Q494) If a predator is overexploits its prey in a ecosystem then what might be consequences of this? Show Answer

Q495) Which of the following organisms form the decomposers? Show Answer

Q496) Osmotrophs belong to Show Answer

Q497) Greater primary productivity depends upon Show Answer

Q498) Word detritus includes Show Answer

Q499) Decomposition of organic matter is brought about by Show Answer

Q500) Some of the stages in the hydrarch are labelled as
I. Marsh meadow stage
II. Reed swamp stage
III. Submerged plant stage
IV. Phytoplankton stage
V. Submerged free floating plant stage
Identify the choice that represents the correct sequence of these stages Show Answer

Q501) The correct sequence of food chain is Show Answer

Q502) When the number of organisms at successive levels are plotted they assume the shape of a pyramid. This
is called the pyramid of Show Answer

Q503) In ecotone, some species become abundant called Show Answer

Q504) Ecosystem may be defined as Show Answer

Q505) Phosphorus is required for making
I. shell
II. bones
III. teeth
Choose the correct option Show Answer

Q506) The species that invade a bare area in ecological succession are called Show Answer

Q507) In a pond ecosystem, benthos means Show Answer

Q508) Decomposers are Show Answer

Q509) The lentic ecosystem includes Show Answer

Q510) Primary succession on rocks starts with Show Answer

Q511) True/False
I. The total organic matter synthesised by the producers in the process of photosynthesis per unit time and
area is known as gross primary productivity
II. Net primary productivity is the weight of the organic matter stored by the producers in a unit
area/volume per unit time Show Answer

Q512) Lion is kept under in Eltonian pyramid as Show Answer

Q513) Maximum primary productivity of pond is achieved by Show Answer

Q514) What is the medium by which carbon cycle takes place? Show Answer

Q515) …… temperature is required for the proper functioning of an enzyme. The most appropriate word Show Answer

Q516) In ecological pyramid the base always represent the …A… and the apex represents …B… Here A and B
represents Show Answer

Q517) The primary consumers in a pond ecosystem are Show Answer

Q518) Which of the following factor is contributing to an overload of the carbon cycle? Show Answer

Q519) Which ones are the reservoirs of sulphur and carbon cycles respectively? Show Answer

Q520) Trophic level of food chain having greatest amount of energy, is Show Answer

Q521) The entire sequence of communities that successively changes in a given area are called Show Answer

Q522) Energy flow in ecosystem is Show Answer

Q523) A bear that eats a fish that further ate bugs that ate algae is a Show Answer

Q524) Acid secreted lichens on baren rock helps in
I. dissolving rocks
II. weathering
III. soil formation
Which of the statements given above are correct? Show Answer

Q525) In an ecosystem, the cycling of nutrient is known as Show Answer

Q526) The aquatic organism that can actively swim at will against the water current is Show Answer

Q527) Green plants and green sulphur bacteria, prepare their organic food themselves with the help of sunlight,
are known as Show Answer

Q528) The movement of nutrient elements through various components (abiotic and biotic) of an ecosystem is
called Show Answer

Q529) Biotic community along with its interacting physical environment comprises Show Answer

Q530) The relation between producers and consumers in an ecosystem can be graphically represented in the
form of a pyramid called Show Answer

Q531) Energy stored at the consumer level is Show Answer

Q532) Actively moving organisms in aquatic ecosystem are Show Answer

Q533) The secondary succession is easy and is completed quickly, because the area Show Answer

Q534) Gross primary productivity is utilised by …A… in …B…
Choose the correct option for A and B Show Answer

Q535) What will happen if all the bacteria and fungi are destroyed? Show Answer

Q536) Abiotic components refers to Show Answer

Q537) Which of the following ecological pyramids can never occur in an inverted from Show Answer

Q538) Identify the correct type of food chain.
Dead animal → Blow fly maggots → Common frog → Snake Show Answer

Q539) Ecosystem is Show Answer

Q540) Which of the following pair is a sedimentary type of biogeochemical cycle? Show Answer

Q541) Tropical dense forests are due to Show Answer

Q542) In a lake, phytoplankton grow I abundance in Show Answer

Q543) At each step of food chain when food energy is transferred from one trophic level to the next higher
trophic level only about 10% of energy is passed onto next level. This is known as …A… given by …B… in
…C… . Here A, B and C Refers to Show Answer

Q544) The process of accumulation of a dark coloured amorphous substance that is highly resistant to microbial
action and undergoes decomposition at an extremely slow rate is called Show Answer

Q545) Total energy fixed by an ecosystem is called Show Answer

Q546) A detrivore is Show Answer

Q547) All the animals that depend on plants for food are called Show Answer

Q548) Out of the following biogeochemical cycles which one is gaseous?
I. sulphur II. Phosphorus
III. nitrogen IV. Carbon
Choose the correct option Show Answer

Q549) In a food chain, the maximum population of Show Answer

Q550) Overlapping region between two ecosystems is called Show Answer

Q551) The major functions of an ecosystem includes
I. productivity II. Decomposition
III. energy flow IV. Nutrient flow
Choose the correct option Show Answer

Q552) In grazing food chain energy comes from Show Answer

Q553) Which one of the following is correct for xerarch succession? Show Answer

Q554) Biotic components refer to Show Answer

Q555) Which one of the following is correct matching of a plant, its habitat and the forest type where it normally
occurs? Show Answer

Q556) What is common in earthworm, soil mites and dung beetle in an ecosystem? Show Answer

Q557) Which one of the following is involved in sedimentary cycle? Show Answer

Q558) Which of the following pyramid is always upright and can never be inverted? Show Answer

Q559) The 10% law is related to Show Answer

Q560) Which of the following two organisms are producers? Show Answer

Q561) Consider the succession of plants
I. In hydrarch succession series progress from hydric to the mesic condition
II. In xerarch succession series progress from xerarch to the mesic condition
III. In xerarch succession if it is started on bare rock the pioneer species is lichens
IV. In hydrarch and xerarch succession series progress from mesarch to xerarch condition
Which of the following is correct combination match from above statements?
Choose the correct option Show Answer

Q562) An inverted pyramid of …A… may occasionally be observed in …B… communities Show Answer

Q563) Which one of the following is not a functional unit of an ecosystem? Show Answer

Q564) Which one of the following types of organisms occupy more than one trophich level in a pond ecosystem? Show Answer

Q565) Humus is Show Answer

Q566) In terrestrial ecosystem such as forest, maximum energy is found in which tropic level? Show Answer

Q567) Frog, that feeds on insects, is a Show Answer

Q568) The organisms, which attack dead animals are Show Answer

Q569) Pyramid of energy in aquatic ecosystem is Show Answer

Q570) Consider the following statements about ecological pyramids
I. Charles Elton developed the concept of ecological pyramid
II. After the name these pyramids are also called as Eltonian pyramids
III. It is a graphical representation or pyramid shaped diagram which depicts the number of organisms,
biomass and energy at each trophic level
Which of the statements given above are correct? Show Answer

Q571) Which of the following pyramid of numbers in ecology is not upright? Show Answer

Q572) A lion that eats a zebra that ate grass is a Show Answer

Q573) Pyramids of biomass in pond ecosystem is Show Answer

Q574) The process of which humus is degraded by some microbes to release inorganic nutrients is known as Show Answer

Q575) The process of mineralisation by microorganisms helps in the release of Show Answer

Q576) Which of the following plants develop characters of xerophytes? Show Answer

Q577) Which one of the following statements is correct for secondary succession? Show Answer

Q578) Phytoplanktons are found in which of the following zones? Show Answer

Q579) The role of a cow in a food chain is Show Answer

Q580) Consider the following statements about limitations of ecological pyramids
I. It never takes into account the same species belonging to two or more trophic levels
II. It assumes a simple food chain, which never exists in nature
III. In split of the vital role played by saprophytes/decomposers, they are not given any position in
ecological pyramids
Which of the statements given above are correct? Show Answer

Q581) Which of the following always has a pyramidal shape, that is, decreasing values at higher trophic levels? Show Answer

Q582) Identify the plant belonging to the reed-swamp stage in hydrarch succession Show Answer

Q583) Secondary productivity is Show Answer

Q584) Extinction of a species in a food chain is compensated by Show Answer

Q585) The changes that occur in successive seral stages to reach a climax community are
I. changes in the diversity of species of organisms
II. increase in the number of species and organisms
III. increase in the total biomass
Choose the correct option Show Answer

Q586) Which one of the following is a gaseous cycle? Show Answer

Q587) Which of the following statements are correct?
I. Least productive ecosystems are deserts and deep lakes
II. Sugarcane is the most productive crop
III. Most productive ecosystem is coral reef
Choose the correct option Show Answer

Q588) Pyramid of energy in ecosystem is Show Answer

Q589) A plant is Show Answer

Q590) Ecosystem having the highest primary productivity is Show Answer

Q591) The Great Barrier Reef along the east coast of Australia can be categorized as Show Answer

Q592) A much smaller fraction of energy flows in a terrestrial ecosystem through Show Answer

Q593) …A… is required for higher primary productivity. …B… have the lowest primary productivity as the soil is
deficient in moisture.
Choose the correct option for A and B Show Answer

Q594) Driving force of any ecosystem is Show Answer

Q595) Climax community is Show Answer

Q596) Stratification occurs in Show Answer

Q597) Regarding 10% law
I. This law was put forward by Lindeman in 1942
II. According to this law, during the transfer of food energy from one tropical level to the other, only about
10% is stored at higher trophic level and the remaining 90% is lost in respiration, decomposition and
waste in the form of heat
Which of the statements given above is/are correct? Show Answer

Q598) Ecological succession is a Show Answer

Q599) At which latitude, heat gain through insolation approximately equals heat loss through terrestrial
radiation? Show Answer

Q600) Rabbits eats grass and other plants to survive, but they do not eat animals. Refer the best category for
rabbits? Show Answer

Q601) To show how many organisms are present at each level of a food chain, ecologists use a model called Show Answer

Q602) Competition for food, light and space is most severe between two Show Answer

Q603) The reservoir for the gaseous type of biogeochemical cycle exists in Show Answer

Q604) Autotrophs Show Answer

Q605) An ecosystem, which can be easily damaged but can recover after some time if damaging effect stops, will
be having Show Answer

Q606) Which of the following ecosystem types has the highest annual net primary productivity? Show Answer

Q607) In pond ecosystem, diatoms represent Show Answer

Q608) Two species occupying same or overlapping area are called as Show Answer

Q609) Choose the area which will take minimum time for succession Show Answer

Q610) Each tropical level has a certain mass of living material at a particular time called Show Answer

Q611) The process by which water soluble inorganic nutrients go down into the soil horizon and get precipitated
as unavailable salts is called as Show Answer

Q612) The nature of climax community in ecological succession in most dependent upon Show Answer

Q613) Group of two or more than two plant species is called as Show Answer

Q614) The products of decomposition process are Show Answer

Q615) The reservoir for the sedimentary cycle exists in Show Answer

Q616) Standing crop refers to Show Answer

Q617) Vertical distribution of different species occupying different levels in an ecosystem is called Show Answer

Q618) Fill in the missing stages (A to D) in the given primary hydrarch succession.
Phytoplankton → (A) → (B) → (C) → Marsh-meadow stage → (D) → Forest plant stage Show Answer

Q619) A community that starts the process of succession in a barren habitat is called Show Answer

Q620) How much incident sun radiation on earth is utilised by producers (plants)? Show Answer

Q621) Percentage of Photosynthetically Active Radiation (PAR) that is captured by plants in synthesis of organic
matter is Show Answer

Q622) The term ‘homeostasis’ in an ecosystem refers to Show Answer

Q623) Trophic level in ecosystem is formed by Show Answer

Q624) Which one of the following is a sedimentary cycle? Show Answer

Q625) Select the matched ones.
I. Sedimentary nutrient - Nitrogen cycle
II. Pioneer species - Lichens
III. Secondary succession - Burned forests
IV. Pyramid of biomass in sea - Upright Show Answer

Q626) Which of the following is an example of man-made ecosystem? Show Answer

Q627) The sunlight directly regulates the primary productivity because Show Answer

Q628) What is the reason behind deficit rising in nutrient reservoir? Show Answer

Q629) “Complete competitiors cannot coexist” is true for Show Answer

Q630) In a comparative study of grassland ecosystem and pond ecosystem, it may be observed that Show Answer

Q631) Food chain refers to Show Answer

Q632) A person who eats a chicken that ate grain is a Show Answer

Q633) Pyramid that is never inverted Show Answer

Q634) Major ecological community of plants and animals extending over large natural areas is known as Show Answer

Q635) In a pyramid of numbers in a grassland ecosystem, the largest population is that of Show Answer

Q636) The exchange pool in the carbon cycle is Show Answer

Q637) Primary productivity is
I. is 10% less than secondary productivity
II. is the rate of formation of new organic matter by consumers
III. is expressed in terms of weight or energy
IV. is the amount of biomass or organic matter produced per unit area over a time period in plants during
photosynthesis
Which of the statements given above are correct? Show Answer

Q638) Which of the following is false? Show Answer

Q639) These belong to the category of primary consumers Show Answer

Q640) Total amount of living material at the various trophic level of a food chain is depicted by pyramids of Show Answer

Q641) Primary productivity depends upon Show Answer

Q642) Consider the following statements
I. Producer are also called as transducers because they are able to change radiant energy into chemical
form
II. Consumers are animals, which feed on other organisms or their parts III. Decomposers are saprotrophs, which feed on dead bodies of organisms
Which of the statements given above are correct? Show Answer

Q643) Only a small amount of the energy stored in food is available to the next organism in a food chain because Show Answer

Q644) The process of accumulation of a dark coloured …A… substance called …B… that is highly resistant to
microbial action and undergoes decomposition at an extremely slow rate is called …C…
Choose the correct option for A, B and C Show Answer

Q645) In autogenic succession, Show Answer

Q646) The average trophic efficiency of transfer of energy from one trophic level to the higher trophic level is
called Show Answer

Q647) The two components of an ecosystem are Show Answer

Q648) The food chain which begin with dead organic matter is called Show Answer

Q649) The rate of formation of new organic matter by rabbit in a grassland is called Show Answer

Q650) The sequence of communities showing a gradual change in composition is called Show Answer

Q651) Which of the following is the logical sequence of primary succession in water? Show Answer

Q652) In an aquatic ecosystem, the trophic level equivalent to cows in grasslands is Show Answer

Q653) Energy for the detritus food chain comes from Show Answer

Q654) The organic substance, which decompose slowly are Show Answer

Q655) Stability of ecosystem depends upon Show Answer

Q656) Mr. X is eating curd/yoghurt. For this food intake in a food chain, he should be considered as occupying Show Answer

Q657) A pyramid of number in grassland ecosystem shows Show Answer

Q658) Phosphorus is needed for the production of Show Answer

Q659) Which of the following statement is true about ecosystem? Show Answer

Q660) Which food chain correctly describes the flow of energy in an ecosystem? Show Answer

Q661) Phosphorus is the major constituent of
I. biological membranes
II. nucleic acids
III. cellular energy transfer system
Choose the correct option Show Answer

Q662) The biomass available for consumption by the herbivores and the decomposers is called Show Answer

Q663) In a grazing food chain carnivores may also the referred to as Show Answer

Q664) In a food chain, the total amount of living material is depicted by Show Answer

Q665) In an ecosystem, the insectivorous plants are placed in Show Answer

Q666) Find the correct statement Show Answer

Q667) The rate of which organic compounds are formed in a green plant or in a population of green plants per
unit time and area is known as the Show Answer

Q668) The correct sequence of plants in a hydrosere is Show Answer

Q669) A sequence of species or organism through which the food energy pass in a community is called Show Answer

Q670) Select the formula for ecological efficiency. Show Answer

Q671) A functional aspect of an ecosystem is Show Answer

Q672) Consider the following statements
I. In a food chain one organism holds only one position
II. In a food chain the flow of energy can be easily calculated
III. In food chain competition is limited to the members of same trophic level
Which of the statements given above are correct? Show Answer

Q673) What is the percentage of Photosynthetically Active Radiation (PAR), if incident solar radiation is
considered 100%? Show Answer

Q674) Choose the wrong pair. Show Answer

Q675) Which is an example of true pyramid in an ecosystem? Show Answer

Q676) The 10% energy transfer law of food chain was given by Show Answer

Q677) In plant succession, when climax is reached, the net productivity Show Answer

Q678) The transition zone between two communities is known as Show Answer

Q679) Primary productivity is Show Answer

Q680) In food chain, maximum energy is stored in Show Answer

Q681) Consider the following statements about pyramid of biomass
I. When we plot the biomass (net dry weight) of producers, herbivores, carnivores and so on we have a
pyramid of biomass
II. Two types of pyramid of biomass are found, i.e., upright and inverted
III. When larger weight of producers support a smaller of biomass weight of consumers an upright
pyramid results
IV. When smaller weight of producers support larger weight of consumers an inverted pyramid of biomass
is formed
Which of the statements given above are correct? Show Answer

Q682) The final stable community in ecological succession is Show Answer

Q683) In what order do a hawk, grass and rabbit form a food chain in a meadow? Show Answer

Q684) What is the amount of carbon fixed in biosphere through photosynthesis annually? Show Answer

Q685) Find out the correct order of succession levels in xerarch. Show Answer

Q686) In the phosphorus cycle, weathering makes phosphate available first to Show Answer

Q687) Which of the following is wrongly matched? Show Answer

Q688) The factors influencing the rate of decomposition are Show Answer

Q689) Decomposers like fungi and bacteria are
I. autotrophs
II. heterotrophs
III. saprotrophs
IV. chemoautotrophs
Choose the correct option Show Answer

Q690) Which of the following groups is absolutely essential functional component of the ecosystem? Show Answer

Q691) Lichens that start the succession on a rock belongs to Show Answer

Q692) Peacock eats a snake and snake eats frog and frog eats insect while insect eats green plant, the position of
peacock is Show Answer

Q693) The enzymatic process by which degraded detritus is converted into simpler inorganic substances is called Show Answer

Q694) Consider the following statements
I. The pyramid of biomass is inverted in a pond ecosystem
II. Pyramid of energy is never inverted
III. Pyramid of number is inverted in a tree ecosystem
IV. Pyramid of biomass in forest ecosystem is upright
Which of the statements given above are correct? Show Answer

Q695) Plants which are attached to the rocks are called Show Answer

Q696) The ecological pyramid that is always upright Show Answer

Q697) The sequential, gradual and predictable changes in the species compositions in an area are called Show Answer

Q698) Food chain is a series of population, which starts with producers. It is concerning with Show Answer

Q699) One model that shows how energy passes from one trophic level to another trophic level is called Show Answer

Q700) In an ecosystem, in which an organism occupies a specific place in a food chain Show Answer

Q701) All are true for climax community except Show Answer

Q702) Excessive moisture inhibit the process of decomposition due to Show Answer

Q703) Select the true statements
I. Gross primary productivity is equal to the net primary productivity minus respiration
II. Gross primary productivity is equals to net primary productivity plus photosynthesis
III. Net primary productivity is equal to photosynthesis plus respiration
IV. Net primary productivity is equal to gross primary productivity minus respiration
V. Flow of energy in an ecosystem is unidirectional Show Answer

Q704) Which of the following statements regarding food chain is false? Show Answer

Q705) Phytoplanktons Show Answer

Q706) Which of the following pair is a gaseous type of biogeochemical cycle? Show Answer

Q707) Which zone of a lake has no photosynthetic organism? Show Answer

Q708) The second stage of hydrosere is occupied by the plants like Show Answer

Q709) If a single plant species is removed from a food web, then most likely Show Answer

Q710) Fungi in a forest ecosystem is Show Answer

Q711) The ultimate energy source of ecosystem is Show Answer

Q712) Lichen is the pioneer vegetation on which succession? Show Answer

Q713) Benthic organisms are found in Show Answer

Q714) Organisms that breakdown the detritus into matter particles are Show Answer

Q715) The assemblage of all the population of different species that function as an integrated unit through
coevolved metabolic transformation in a specific area is called Show Answer

Q716) The organisms which physically and chemically breaks the complex dead organic remains are known as Show Answer

Q717) Which of the following helps in the growth of terrestrial pteridophytes in tropical rain forest? Show Answer

Q718) Which one of the following shows detritus food chain? Show Answer

Q719) Energy enters the ecosystem through Show Answer

Q720) Deserts, grasslands, forests and tundra are the examples of Show Answer

Q721) Decomposers of an ecosystem includes Show Answer

Q722) The pyramid of energy is always upright for any ecosystem. This situation indicates the fact that Show Answer

Q723) Term ‘ecosystem development’ to ecological succession was given by Show Answer

Q724) Organisms are classified into trophic levels according to Show Answer

Q725) The tiger biomass is 10 kg in grass-deer-tiger food chain. The grass biomass will be Show Answer

Q726) Study the four statements (I-IV) given below and select the two correct ones out of them
I. A lion eating a deer and a sparrow feeding on grain are ecologically similar in
being consumers.
II. Predator star fish Pisasterhelps in maintaining species diversity of some invertebrates.
III. Predators ultimately lead to the extinction of prey species.
IV. Production of chemicals such as nicotine, strychnine by the plants are metabolic disorders. Show Answer

Q727) Building of biomass or storage of energy by green plants in a unit time and area is called Show Answer

Q728) Sal and teak are dominant in Show Answer

Q729) Rate of conversion of light energy into chemical energy of organic molecules in an ecosystem is Show Answer

Q730) What percentage of heabivore’s chemical energy is transferred to the chemical energy within the carnivore
tissue? Show Answer

Q731) In which layer of soil decomposition occurs at maximum rate? Show Answer

Q732) Term ‘ecosystem’ was given by Show Answer

Q733) Most diverse organisms of an ecosystem are Show Answer

Q734) Primary succession is the development of communities on Show Answer

Q735) Select the incorrect food chain Show Answer

Q736) Which one of the following correctly represents as organism and its ecological niche? Show Answer

Q737) The pyramid of number of a parasitic food chain in tree ecosystem is Show Answer

Q738) Stratification is more pronounced in Show Answer

Q739) What is true about the phosphorus cycle?
I. Rocks are the natural reservoirs of phosphorus
II. Weathering of sedimentary rocks makes phosphate available to the soil
III. Herbivores and carnivores obtain phosphorus from plant directly or indirectly
Choose the correct option Show Answer

Q740) How much carbon is dissolved in the oceans? Show Answer

Q741) The greatest biomass of autotrophs in the world’s oceans is that of Show Answer

Q742) Which one of the following is commonly found in temperate coniferous forests? Show Answer

Q743) Littoral zone is located along the Show Answer

Q744) Biological equilibrium is found among the Show Answer

Q745) Net primary productivity is utilised by Show Answer

Q746) Which of the following is the logical sequence of primary succession in rocks? Show Answer

Q747) Another name of nutrient cycling is Show Answer

Q748) Which one of the following statements for pyramid of energy is incorrect, whereas the remaining three are correct? Show Answer

Q749) Transition zone between two ecosystems is Show Answer

Q750) Statement 1: A network of food chains existing together in an ecosystem is known as a food web.
Statement 2: An animal like kite cannot be a part of a food web. Show Answer

Q751) Statement 1: In a food chain members of successive higher levels are fewer in number.
Statement 2: Number of organisms at any trophic level depends upon the availability of organisms,
which serve as food at the lower level. Show Answer

Q752) Statement 1: Nutrient cycle means the cycling of glucose or reserved food material within the plant
body
Statement 2: Transfer of biogenetic nutrients between living and non-living components is called
biogeochemical cycle Show Answer

Q753) Statement 1: Oceans acts as the global sink for CO2
Statement 2: Human activities are increasing CO2 concentration in the air Show Answer

Q754) Statement 1: Herbivores are also called as first order consumers
Statement 2: Herbivores obtain their food directly from plants Show Answer

Q755) Statement 1: Tropical rain forests are disappearing fast from developing countries such as India.
Statement 2: No value is attached to these forests because these are poor in biodiversity Show Answer

Q756) Statement 1: True xerophytes store water in the form of mucilage which helps to withstand prolonged
period of drought.
Statement 2: Vascular and mechanical tissues are well developed in true xerophytes. Show Answer

Q757) Statement 1: The pyramid of number of pond ecosystem is upright
Statement 2: Phytoplanktons are maximum and secondary consumers are least in number Show Answer

Q758) Statement 1: The pyramid of energy is always upright
Statement 2: Number of autotrophs in the pyramid of energy are maximum Show Answer

Q759) Statement 1: Ecological succession can turn a lake into a dryland forest with time
Statement 2: A bare rock can become a forest through ecological succession Show Answer

Q760) Statement 1: An ecosystem is an interaction between biotic and abiotic components
Statement 2: AG Tansley coined the term ecosystem Show Answer

Q761) Statement 1: Bacteria and fungi are microconsumers
Statement 2: Bacteria and fungi use a very little part of living plant and animals Show Answer

Q762) The ecological niche of population is a Show Answer

Q763) Energy flow and energy transformation in living systems strictly conform to the Show Answer

Q764) Which one of the following pairs is mismatched? Show Answer

Q765) Regarding the mode of obtaining food, the organisms occurring in an ecosystem are classified into plants,
animals and microorganisms. These are respectively called Show Answer

Q766) The amount of living matter present in an ecosystem at a given time is called Show Answer

Q767) Most diverse organism of an ecosystem is Show Answer

Q768) Plant species having a wide range of genetical distribution evolve into a local population known as Show Answer

Q769) If we completely remove the decomposers from an ecosystem, its functioning will be adversely affected
because Show Answer

Q770) Energy transfers or transformation are never 100% efficient. This is due to Show Answer

Q771) Nektons are Show Answer

Q772) Which of the following communities is more vulnerable to invasion by outside animals and plants? Show Answer

Q773) ‘Sun basket’ is Show Answer

Q774) Detritus food chain law accounts for more energy flow than garzing food chain because Show Answer

Q775) Primary consumers are Show Answer

Q776) The minimum number of components required for an ecosystem to survive Show Answer

Q777) In plant succession, when climax community is reached, the net productivity Show Answer

Q778) Pond is defined as a Show Answer

Q779) Niche is defined as the Show Answer

Q780) Most stable ecosystem is Show Answer

Q781) Community is a group of independent and interacting population of Show Answer

Q782) Pollution caused by persistent pesticides is relatively more hazardous to which type of organisms? Show Answer

Q783) If decomposers are removed what will happen to the ecosystem? Show Answer

Q784) Organisms living in open sea are called Show Answer

Q785) Which one of the following is one of the characteristics of a biological community? Show Answer

Q786) Broad-leaved forests of oak are found in Show Answer