NOTES


IAS Prelims > General Studies > Structure of Economy and Human Resource in India

Microeconomics and Macroeconomics



Ans.
Microeconomics studies particular markets, and segments of the economy. It looks at issues such as consumer behavior, individual labor markets, and the theory of firms in order to understand as to how decisions are made in time of scarcity and how they affect the larger economic scenario. Hence Micro economics concerns itself with:
Individual labor markets – e.g. demand for labor, wage determination
Externalities arising from production and consumption.
Supply and demand in individual markets
Individual consumer behavior. e.g. Consumer choice theory
             Macro economics on the other hand examines the whole economy. It looks at ‘aggregate’ variables, such as aggregate demand, balance of payments, poverty, employment,  national output and inflation. In nutshell  Macro economics deals with

International trade and globalisation
Reasons for differences in living standards and economic growth between countries.
Government borrowing
Monetary / fiscal policy. e.g. what effect does interest rates have on whole economy?
Reasons for inflation, and unemployment
Economic Growth


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Notes of Structure of Economy and Human Resource in India



  1. Microeconomics and Macroeconomics
    see in detail

  2. Factors of Production
    see in detail

  3. Economic Activities
    see in detail

  4. Primary activities
    see in detail

  5. Secondary activities
    see in detail